Tag: #Entrepreneurship in Bangladesh

  • How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]

    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]

    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]

    Md. Joynal Abdin*

    Business Consultant & Digital Marketer

    Co-Founder & CEO of Bangladesh Trade Center

    Importance of team building and organizational culture: Team building, and organizational culture play pivotal roles in shaping the success, productivity, and overall health of a business. They create a positive work environment, foster collaboration, and contribute to the growth and long-term sustainability of the company. Here’s why these aspects are crucial:

    1. Enhanced Collaboration and Communication:

    Effective team building encourages open communication and collaboration among employees. A strong sense of teamwork leads to improved problem-solving, innovative thinking, and better decision-making.

     

    1. Increased Productivity and Efficiency:

    When employees work well together as a cohesive team, they can accomplish tasks more efficiently. Clear roles, responsibilities, and effective workflows minimize redundancy and improve overall productivity.

     

    1. Motivation and Employee Engagement:

    A positive organizational culture promotes a sense of belonging and purpose. Employees who feel valued and engaged are more motivated to contribute their best efforts to the company’s success.

     

    1. Talent Attraction and Retention:

    A strong team and positive culture make the company an attractive workplace for top talent. Talented individuals are more likely to join and stay with organizations that offer a collaborative and supportive environment.

     

    1. Adaptability and Resilience:

    Organizations with a strong team dynamic and positive culture are better equipped to navigate challenges and adapt to changes. A cohesive team can weather storms and find innovative solutions.

     

    1. Innovation and Creativity:

    A culture that encourages open dialogue and diverse perspectives fosters innovation and creativity. Employees feel empowered to share their ideas, leading to breakthroughs and improvements.

     

    1. Employee Well-Being:

    A supportive work environment contributes to the well-being of employees. When employees are happy and engaged, they experience lower stress levels, better mental health, and improved work-life balance.

     

    1. Alignment with Values and Goals:

    A positive culture helps align employees with the company’s values and long-term goals. This alignment contributes to a shared sense of purpose and direction.

     

    1. Effective Leadership and Management:

    Effective team building and a strong culture promote effective leadership. Managers who foster collaboration and lead by example inspire their teams to perform at their best.

     

    1. Customer Satisfaction:

    Happy and engaged employees are more likely to provide excellent customer service. A positive culture that values customer satisfaction contributes to the success of the business.

     

    1. Better Conflict Resolution:

    Teams with strong bonds are better equipped to handle conflicts. They can engage in open discussions, find common ground, and resolve issues constructively.

     

    1. Long-Term Success:

    A healthy team dynamic and a positive culture contribute to the long-term success and sustainability of the organization. They create a foundation for growth and continuous improvement.

     

    Creating a positive organizational culture and fostering effective team building require ongoing effort and commitment from leaders and employees alike. By investing in these aspects, businesses can cultivate a work environment where individuals thrive, collaborate, and contribute to the collective success of the organization.

     

    Identifying key roles and responsibilities in a startup team: In a startup, each team member plays a crucial role in contributing to the overall success of the business. Identifying the right roles and responsibilities is essential for creating a well-functioning team that can efficiently execute tasks and drive the startup forward. Here are some key roles and their responsibilities in a startup team:

    1. Founder/CEO: The founder or CEO is often the visionary leader who sets the direction, strategy, and overall goals of the startup. Responsibilities include:

     

    • Defining the company’s mission, vision, and long-term goals.
    • Making high-level decisions and strategic choices.
    • Building partnerships, securing funding, and representing the company.

     

    1. Chief Operations Officer (COO) or Operations Manager: The COO oversees day-to-day operations to ensure smooth functioning. Responsibilities include:
    • Managing internal processes, workflows, and resource allocation.
    • Monitoring operational efficiency and implementing improvements.
    • Collaborating with other team members to align operations with strategic goals.

     

    1. Chief Technology Officer (CTO) or Technical Lead: The CTO is responsible for the technical aspects of the startup’s product or service. Responsibilities include:
    • Developing and implementing the technology roadmap.
    • Overseeing product development, tech stack, and infrastructure.
    • Managing the technical team and ensuring timely project delivery.

     

    1. Chief Marketing Officer (CMO) or Marketing Lead: The CMO is responsible for promoting the startup and driving customer engagement. Responsibilities include:
    • Creating and executing marketing strategies to acquire and retain customers.
    • Managing branding, digital marketing, social media, and content creation.
    • Analyzing market trends and customer behavior to refine strategies.

     

    1. Chief Financial Officer (CFO) or Finance Lead: The CFO manages the startup’s financial operations, budgeting, and financial planning. Responsibilities include:
    • Developing financial forecasts, budgets, and financial reports.
    • Managing cash flow, financial analysis, and cost control.
    • Overseeing fundraising efforts, investor relations, and financial compliance.

     

    1. Sales and Business Development Manager: This role focuses on generating revenue and expanding the startup’s customer base. Responsibilities include:
    • Identifying and pursuing new sales opportunities.
    • Building and nurturing relationships with clients and partners.
    • Developing and executing sales strategies to meet revenue targets.

     

    1. Product Manager: The product manager is responsible for guiding the development and improvement of the startup’s product or service. Responsibilities include:
    • Defining product features, functionality, and user experience.
    • Prioritizing features based on customer feedback and market trends.
    • Collaborating with the tech team to ensure product delivery aligns with goals.

     

    1. Human Resources Manager: The HR manager focuses on managing human resources, talent acquisition, and employee engagement. Responsibilities include:
    • Recruiting and onboarding new team members.
    • Implementing HR policies, employee benefits, and performance evaluations.
    • Promoting a positive work culture and addressing employee concerns.

     

    1. Customer Support Specialist: This role involves providing excellent customer service and support to address user inquiries and issues. Responsibilities include:
    • Responding to customer queries via various channels.
    • Resolving customer problems and ensuring their satisfaction.
    • Providing valuable feedback to improve the product or service.

     

    1. Design and User Experience (UX) Lead: The design and UX lead focuses on creating visually appealing and user-friendly experiences. Responsibilities include:
    • Designing interfaces, user journeys, and visual assets.
    • Conducting user research and usability testing.
    • Collaborating with the product and tech teams to ensure design integration.

     

    These roles represent a basic framework, but the specific roles and responsibilities in a startup can vary based on the industry, business model, and unique needs of the company. Startup teams often require flexibility, adaptability, and a willingness to collaborate across functions to achieve shared goals.

     

    Hiring, onboarding, and managing employees in Bangladesh: Effectively hiring, onboarding, and managing employees is essential for building a strong and productive team in Bangladesh. Here’s a guide to navigating these processes while adhering to local laws and cultural considerations:

    1. Hiring Process:

    Job Description: Clearly define the roles, responsibilities, and qualifications for the position you’re hiring for. Craft a comprehensive job description that attracts the right candidates.

     

    Recruitment: Advertise the job opening through online job portals, social media, and local job boards. You can also use recruitment agencies to help identify suitable candidates.

     

    Interviewing: Conduct structured interviews to assess candidates’ skills, experience, and cultural fit. Be prepared to discuss the job role, company culture, and growth opportunities.

     

    Legal Considerations: Comply with Bangladesh’s labor laws and regulations during the hiring process. This includes ensuring fair treatment, non-discrimination, and adherence to minimum wage requirements.

     

    1. Onboarding Process:

    Orientation: Provide new employees with an orientation that introduces them to the company’s values, mission, and culture. Familiarize them with policies, procedures, and their immediate team.

     

    Training: Provide training specific to the employee’s role and responsibilities. This could include technical skills, company processes, and any software or tools they’ll be using.

     

    Buddy System: Assign a mentor or buddy to help new employees acclimate to the workplace, answer questions, and provide guidance.

     

    Documentation: Ensure that new employees complete necessary paperwork, such as tax forms and employment contracts, as required by local regulations.

     

    1. Managing Employees:

    Clear Communication: Maintain open and transparent communication with your employees. Regularly discuss expectations, goals, and performance feedback.

     

    Performance Reviews: Conduct regular performance reviews to assess employee progress and set goals for improvement. Recognize and reward achievements.

     

    Work-Life Balance: Respect the work-life balance of your employees. In Bangladesh, family and social commitments are important, so consider offering flexible work arrangements when feasible.

     

    Career Development: Provide opportunities for professional growth and development. Discuss career paths, offer training programs, and consider promoting from within.

     

    Conflict Resolution: Address any conflicts or issues promptly and professionally. Provide a supportive environment where employees feel comfortable discussing concerns.

     

    Health and Safety: Ensure a safe and healthy work environment by complying with occupational health and safety regulations. This is crucial for employee well-being.

     

    Legal Compliance: Stay up-to-date with Bangladesh’s labor laws, including employee rights, working hours, and benefits. Comply with requirements for employee contracts, benefits, and termination procedures.

     

    1. Cultural Considerations:

    Respect Hierarchical Structure: Bangladeshi culture places importance on hierarchy and respect for authority. Maintain a respectful tone when communicating with employees.

     

    Build Relationships: Building personal relationships is essential in Bangladeshi culture. Take time to know your employees on a personal level, and show genuine interest in their well-being.

     

    Ramadan Observance: During the holy month of Ramadan, consider offering flexible working hours or shortened workdays for employees fasting.

     

    Festivals and Holidays: Be aware of important religious and national holidays and allow employees time off to celebrate.

     

    By adhering to these best practices, you can create a positive work environment, foster employee engagement, and build a productive team that contributes to your startup’s success in Bangladesh.

     

    Effective communication and conflict resolution within a startup team: Clear communication and effective conflict resolution are essential for maintaining a healthy and productive startup team. As the team grows and faces challenges, having strong communication practices and conflict resolution strategies in place can foster collaboration, innovation, and a positive work environment. Here’s how to ensure effective communication and address conflicts within your startup team:

     

    Effective Communication:

    Open and Transparent Communication:

    Foster an environment where team members feel comfortable expressing their thoughts, ideas, and concerns openly. Encourage transparency in sharing information and updates.

     

    Active Listening:

    Practice active listening by giving your full attention to the speaker and seeking to understand their perspective. This promotes mutual respect and understanding.

     

    Regular Meetings:

    Hold regular team meetings to discuss project updates, goals, and challenges. Provide a platform for team members to share their progress and ask questions.

     

    Clear and Concise Messages:

    Communicate ideas and information clearly and concisely. Avoid jargon and ensure that your messages are easily understood by all team members.

     

    Use Multiple Communication Channels:

    Utilize various communication tools, such as email, instant messaging, video conferencing, and project management software, to facilitate effective communication.

     

    Constructive Feedback:

    Provide feedback in a constructive manner. Offer both praise for accomplishments and suggestions for improvement to help team members grow.

     

    Avoid Assumptions:

    Do not assume that others understand your intentions or expectations. Communicate your thoughts and expectations explicitly to avoid misunderstandings.

     

    Regular Updates:

    Keep team members informed about project progress, changes in direction, and any relevant updates. This helps everyone stay aligned and reduces surprises.

     

    Conflict Resolution:

    Address Conflicts Early:

    Address conflicts as soon as they arise to prevent them from escalating. Ignoring conflicts can lead to resentment and hinder team productivity.

     

    Private Discussions:

    When addressing conflicts, do so privately and in a respectful manner. Avoid airing grievances in front of the entire team.

     

    Active Mediation:

    If necessary, involve a neutral third party to mediate the conflict. This person can help facilitate a productive discussion and guide the resolution process.

     

    Focus on Solutions:

    Encourage team members to focus on finding solutions rather than dwelling on the problem. Brainstorm together to find ways to address the underlying issues.

     

    Use “I” Statements:

    Encourage team members to express their feelings using “I” statements, which can help prevent the conversation from becoming accusatory.

     

    Respect Differences:

    Acknowledge that conflicts often arise from differing perspectives. Value diversity of thought and use conflicts as opportunities for growth.

     

    Seek Common Ground:

    Find common ground and shared goals that can help bridge the gap between conflicting parties. Emphasize the bigger picture and the team’s mission.

     

    Follow Up:

    After a conflict has been resolved, follow up to ensure that the resolution is effective and that the relationship between team members is mended.

     

    By prioritizing effective communication and establishing a constructive approach to conflict resolution, your startup team can navigate challenges, build strong relationships, and work collaboratively toward achieving your business goals.

     

    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]
    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]

    CHAPTER – 7: MARKETING AND BRANDING

     

    Developing a marketing strategy tailored to the Bangladeshi market: Crafting a successful marketing strategy for the Bangladeshi market requires a deep understanding of the local culture, consumer behavior, and economic landscape. With its unique characteristics and preferences, the Bangladeshi market presents both opportunities and challenges for businesses. Here’s a comprehensive guide to developing a marketing strategy tailored to Bangladesh:

    1. Market Research and Segmentation:

    Start by conducting thorough market research to understand the preferences, needs, and behaviors of Bangladeshi consumers. Segment the market based on demographics, psychographics, and buying behaviors to target your audience effectively.

     

    1. Cultural Sensitivity:

    Respect for the culture and values of Bangladesh is crucial. Incorporate cultural nuances in your marketing messages, visuals, and campaigns to resonate with the local audience.

     

    1. Localized Content:

    Create content that is in the local language, Bengali. This fosters a stronger connection with the audience and enhances the accessibility of your brand.

     

    1. Mobile-Centric Approach:

    Recognize the widespread use of mobile devices in Bangladesh. Optimize your website and content for mobile browsing and consider utilizing SMS marketing and mobile apps to reach consumers effectively.

     

    1. Social Media and Digital Marketing:

    Leverage popular social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube, which have a strong presence in Bangladesh. Tailor your content to engage users and promote interaction.

     

    1. Influencer Marketing:

    Collaborate with local influencers and personalities who have a strong following and influence in the Bangladeshi community. Their endorsement can greatly impact consumer perceptions.

     

    1. Community Engagement:

    Engage with local communities and participate in events and activities that resonate with the Bangladeshi culture. Building a strong community presence helps establish trust and credibility.

     

    1. Value-Oriented Messaging:

    Highlight how your product or service addresses the needs and challenges of the Bangladeshi market. Emphasize the value and benefits it brings to consumers’ lives.

     

    1. Pricing Strategy:

    Develop a pricing strategy that aligns with the economic realities of Bangladesh. Consider offering affordable options and payment plans that cater to various income levels.

     

    1. E-commerce and Online Shopping:

    As e-commerce gains momentum in Bangladesh, consider establishing an online presence. Offer convenient online shopping options and secure payment gateways.

     

    1. Local Partnerships:

    Partner with local businesses, distributors, or retailers to expand your reach and tap into existing networks and customer bases.

     

    1. CSR and Social Impact:

    Demonstrate your commitment to social responsibility by engaging in activities that positively impact local communities. Bangladeshi consumers appreciate brands that contribute to social welfare.

     

    1. Customer Support:

    Provide accessible and responsive customer support channels, such as chat, email, and phone, to address consumer inquiries and concerns promptly.

     

    1. Feedback and Adaptation:

    Regularly collect feedback from Bangladeshi consumers and adjust your marketing strategies accordingly. Being receptive to feedback demonstrates your commitment to meeting their needs.

     

    Developing a successful marketing strategy in Bangladesh requires a combination of cultural awareness, strategic planning, and responsiveness to local dynamics. By respecting the local culture, understanding consumer preferences, and tailoring your approach accordingly, you can effectively connect with Bangladeshi consumers and establish a strong presence in the market.

     

    Digital marketing techniques: social media, content marketing, and SEO: In today’s digital age, effective digital marketing techniques are essential for reaching and engaging target audiences online. Leveraging social media, content marketing, and search engine optimization (SEO) can significantly enhance your brand’s visibility, credibility, and customer engagement. Here’s a breakdown of each technique:

    1. Social Media Marketing:

    Importance: Social media platforms have become integral to people’s daily lives, making them powerful channels for connecting with and influencing your audience.

     

    Strategy:

     

    Platform Selection: Identify which social media platforms your target audience frequents the most. For Bangladesh, platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube are popular choices.

     

    Content Variety: Share a mix of content types, including engaging visuals, videos, informative posts, and interactive content (polls, quizzes, live videos).

     

    Consistent Posting: Maintain a consistent posting schedule to keep your audience engaged. Focus on quality content over frequency.

     

    Audience Engagement: Respond to comments, messages, and feedback promptly. Engage with your audience by asking questions and encouraging discussions.

     

    1. Content Marketing:

    Importance: Content marketing establishes your brand as an authority in your industry, provides value to your audience, and improves search engine rankings.

     

    Strategy:

     

    Targeted Content: Develop content that addresses the specific needs and interests of your Bangladeshi audience. Consider local trends, issues, and cultural preferences.

     

    Diverse Formats: Create a variety of content formats, including blog posts, infographics, videos, eBooks, and podcasts.

     

    SEO Integration: Optimize your content for relevant keywords and phrases to improve its visibility on search engines.

     

    Storytelling: Use storytelling to connect emotionally with your audience and make your content relatable.

     

    1. Search Engine Optimization (SEO):

    Importance: SEO improves your website’s visibility on search engines, driving organic traffic and boosting credibility.

     

    Strategy:

     

    Keyword Research: Identify relevant keywords that your target audience is likely to use when searching for products or services like yours.

     

    On-Page SEO: Optimize your website’s pages with relevant keywords in titles, headings, meta descriptions, and content.

     

    Quality Content: Create high-quality, valuable content that addresses users’ questions and needs.

     

    Link Building: Build high-quality backlinks from reputable websites to enhance your website’s authority.

     

    Local SEO: Optimize your website for local search by including location-specific keywords and ensuring your business information is consistent across directories.

     

    Remember that successful digital marketing involves continuous monitoring and adaptation based on data and results. Regularly analyze your campaigns, track engagement metrics, and make necessary adjustments to improve your strategies over time. By effectively utilizing social media, content marketing, and SEO techniques, you can effectively engage your audience, drive traffic, and achieve your digital marketing goals in Bangladesh.

     

    Creating a strong brand identity and storytelling: A strong brand identity and compelling storytelling are essential elements for building a memorable and impactful brand. They help differentiate your business, create emotional connections with your audience, and communicate your values and mission effectively. Here’s how to create a strong brand identity and craft compelling stories that resonate with your audience:

     

    Creating a Strong Brand Identity:

    Define Your Brand: Clarify your brand’s mission, values, and unique selling points. Understand what sets your brand apart from competitors and how you want to be perceived by your audience.

     

    Visual Identity: Develop a consistent visual identity, including your logo, color palette, typography, and design elements. These elements should be reflective of your brand’s personality and resonate with your target audience.

     

    Consistency Across Channels: Ensure that your brand identity remains consistent across all touchpoints, including your website, social media profiles, packaging, and marketing materials.

     

    Brand Voice and Messaging: Define a distinct brand voice that aligns with your brand’s personality. Craft messaging that communicates your value proposition and resonates with your audience’s needs and aspirations.

     

    Customer Experience: Create a seamless and positive customer experience at every touchpoint. Consistency in service and interactions reinforces your brand’s identity.

     

    Crafting Compelling Storytelling:

    Know Your Audience: Understand your target audience’s preferences, values, challenges, and aspirations. Tailor your storytelling to resonate with their emotions and interests.

     

    Find Your Unique Angle: Identify your brand’s unique narrative. What experiences, values, or journeys set your brand apart? Craft a story that aligns with your brand’s identity.

     

    Humanize Your Brand: Share personal and relatable stories that humanize your brand. Introduce your team, showcase behind-the-scenes moments, and highlight customer success stories.

     

    Emotional Connection: Infuse emotions into your storytelling. Whether it’s joy, empathy, or inspiration, stories that evoke emotions are more memorable and impactful.

     

    Narrative Arc: Structure your stories with a clear beginning, middle, and end. Introduce a problem or challenge, show the journey or solution, and conclude with a resolution.

     

    Use Visuals: Visual elements such as images and videos enhance your storytelling. Use visuals that complement your narrative and create a stronger impact.

     

    Consistency and Authenticity: Ensure your storytelling aligns with your brand’s identity and values. Authenticity builds trust and credibility with your audience.

     

    Involve Your Audience: Encourage user-generated content and involve your audience in your storytelling. Share their experiences and contributions to strengthen community bonds.

     

    Educate and Inspire: Share educational content and inspiring anecdotes related to your industry. Position your brand as a valuable resource and thought leader.

     

    Evolve and Adapt: As your brand grows and changes, adapt your storytelling to reflect new milestones, challenges, and successes.

     

    Remember that consistency is key. Your brand identity and storytelling should be cohesive and aligned across all your communication channels. By crafting an authentic and compelling brand narrative, you can engage your audience on a deeper level and create a lasting impression that resonates with their hearts and minds.

     

    Measuring marketing effectiveness and making data-driven decisions: In the digital age, measuring the effectiveness of your marketing efforts through data analysis is crucial for optimizing strategies and achieving your business goals. By collecting and analyzing relevant data, you can make informed decisions that lead to improved ROI and better-targeted campaigns. Here’s a guide to measuring marketing effectiveness and leveraging data-driven insights:

    1. Set Clear Objectives: Define specific and measurable goals for each marketing campaign or initiative. Whether it’s increasing website traffic, boosting sales, or enhancing brand awareness, having clear objectives helps you track progress.

     

    1. Choose Key Performance Indicators (KPIs): Select KPIs that align with your objectives. Examples include website traffic, conversion rates, click-through rates, social media engagement, and customer acquisition cost.

     

    1. Utilize Analytics Tools: Leverage analytics tools like Google Analytics, social media insights, and marketing automation platforms to collect and analyze data. These tools provide valuable insights into user behavior and campaign performance.

     

    1. Monitor Website Traffic: Track the number of visitors to your website, along with metrics like bounce rate, time on site, and page views. Analyze which pages are performing well and where improvements are needed.

     

    1. Conversion Tracking: Implement conversion tracking to measure specific actions taken by users, such as completing a purchase, filling out a form, or signing up for a newsletter.

     

    1. Social Media Engagement: Monitor social media metrics such as likes, shares, comments, and follower growth. Identify which content resonates with your audience and tailor your strategy accordingly.

     

    1. Email Campaign Metrics: Analyze email open rates, click-through rates, and conversion rates for email campaigns. Adjust your email content and timing based on these metrics.

     

    1. ROI Calculation: Calculate the return on investment for your marketing campaigns by comparing the costs incurred with the revenue generated as a result of those campaigns.

     

    1. A/B Testing: Conduct A/B tests to compare different elements of your campaigns, such as headlines, visuals, or call-to-action buttons. Use the insights from these tests to optimize your content.

     

    1. Customer Feedback: Collect customer feedback through surveys, reviews, and social media interactions. This qualitative data can provide insights into customer preferences and satisfaction.

     

    1. Data Visualization: Present data in visual formats like graphs, charts, and dashboards to easily understand trends and patterns.

     

    1. Regular Analysis and Reporting: Regularly analyze your data and create reports to track progress and identify areas for improvement. Use these insights to make data-driven decisions.

     

    1. Adapt and Optimize: Based on your data analysis, make adjustments to your marketing strategies. Experiment with new tactics, discard what’s not working, and optimize what’s delivering results.

     

    1. Continuous Learning: Stay updated on industry trends and changes in consumer behavior. Continuously refine your strategies to stay competitive.

     

    1. Training and Skill Development: Invest in training your team in data analysis and interpretation. Data literacy is essential for making effective data-driven decisions.

     

    By embracing data-driven decision-making, you can uncover valuable insights, identify trends, and allocate resources more effectively. The data you gather empowers you to optimize your marketing strategies, enhance customer experiences, and achieve meaningful results for your startup.

     

    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]
    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]

    CHAPTER – 8: SALES AND CUSTOMER ACQUISITION

     

    Building a sales pipeline and customer acquisition strategy: Building a robust sales pipeline and implementing an effective customer acquisition strategy are essential for driving revenue and sustaining growth in your startup. By systematically identifying, nurturing, and converting leads, you can maximize your sales opportunities and build lasting customer relationships. Here’s how to create a successful sales pipeline and customer acquisition strategy:

    1. Identify Your Target Audience: Define your ideal customer profile by considering demographics, pain points, needs, and buying behaviors. This clarity ensures you’re targeting the right prospects.

     

    1. Lead Generation: Utilize various channels such as social media, content marketing, email campaigns, and networking events to generate leads. Offer valuable content or incentives in exchange for contact information to attract potential customers.

     

    1. Qualification Process: Develop a lead qualification process to determine the quality of leads. Qualify based on factors like budget, authority, need, and timeline (BANT criteria).

     

    1. Segmentation: Segment your leads based on characteristics such as industry, company size, and location. This allows for personalized communication and tailored solutions.

     

    1. Lead Nurturing: Engage with leads through targeted content, educational materials, and personalized communication. Build trust and rapport to move leads further down the sales funnel.

     

    1. CRM System: Implement a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system to track and manage leads, interactions, and follow-ups. This ensures a streamlined and organized process.

     

    1. Sales Funnel Stages: Map out your sales funnel stages, including awareness, interest, consideration, intent, and decision. Develop content and strategies for each stage.

     

    1. Content Creation: Create informative and engaging content that addresses your audience’s pain points and positions your startup as a solution provider. Content can include blog posts, whitepapers, videos, and webinars.

     

    1. Personalized Approach: Tailor your communication to address the specific needs and challenges of each lead. Personalization increases the likelihood of conversion.

     

    1. Follow-Up and Engagement: Consistently follow up with leads through phone calls, emails, and social media interactions. Respond promptly to inquiries and provide additional information as needed.

     

    1. Sales Presentation and Demo: Offer product demonstrations or presentations to showcase the value and benefits of your offerings. Highlight how your solution meets their specific needs.

     

    1. Objection Handling: Address objections and concerns that prospects might raise. Provide clear and concise answers that demonstrate your expertise and overcome objections.

     

    1. Closing the Deal: Present tailored proposals and pricing options based on the prospect’s requirements. Create a sense of urgency to encourage decision-making.

     

    1. Onboarding and Customer Success: Once a prospect becomes a customer, provide a seamless onboarding process and exceptional customer service. Happy customers are more likely to refer others and become repeat buyers.

     

    1. Analytics and Optimization: Regularly analyze your sales pipeline metrics, conversion rates, and customer acquisition costs. Identify bottlenecks, optimize processes, and adjust strategies based on insights.

     

    Building a strong sales pipeline and customer acquisition strategy requires consistent effort, adaptability, and a customer-centric approach. By aligning your tactics with your target audience’s needs and preferences, you can effectively guide leads through the sales journey and ultimately grow your startup’s customer base and revenue.

     

    Effective sales techniques for the Bangladeshi market: Successfully selling in the Bangladeshi market requires a tailored approach that takes into account cultural nuances, communication styles, and local preferences. By adopting effective sales techniques that resonate with the local audience, you can build stronger relationships, gain trust, and drive higher conversions. Here are some strategies for selling effectively in Bangladesh:

    1. Relationship Building: Cultivate personal relationships with your potential customers. Bangladeshi culture values strong interpersonal connections and trust-building. Take time to get to know your prospects and establish rapport before diving into business discussions.

     

    1. Respect for Hierarchy: Respect for authority and hierarchy is important in Bangladeshi society. Address prospects with appropriate titles and show deference to senior individuals. This demonstrates your cultural sensitivity and professionalism.

     

    1. Face-to-Face Interaction: In-person meetings are highly valued in Bangladesh. Whenever possible, schedule face-to-face meetings to build trust and strengthen relationships. Virtual communication tools can supplement, but not replace, in-person interactions.

     

    1. Politeness and Courtesy: Use polite and courteous language throughout your interactions. Addressing prospects with respectful terms and phrases is essential in creating a positive impression.

     

    1. Storytelling and Anecdotes: Incorporate storytelling and anecdotes into your sales presentations. Sharing relatable stories can engage prospects emotionally and make your offerings more memorable.

     

    1. Solution-Based Approach: Highlight how your product or service can solve specific problems or challenges faced by your prospects. Focus on the value and benefits your offering brings to their situation.

     

    1. Customization: Tailor your offerings to the individual needs and preferences of each prospect. Demonstrating that you understand their unique requirements increases the likelihood of a successful sale.

     

    1. Patience and Long-Term Perspective: Bangladeshis often take a long-term perspective when making business decisions. Be patient and willing to invest time in nurturing relationships before expecting quick results.

     

    1. Demonstrations and Samples: Offer product demonstrations or samples to let prospects experience your offering firsthand. This tangible experience can create a stronger connection and enhance their understanding.

     

    1. Negotiation Skills: Negotiation is common in business interactions in Bangladesh. Be prepared for negotiations and be flexible in finding mutually beneficial solutions.

     

    1. Family and Social Considerations: Bangladeshi culture places importance on family and community. Show genuine interest in your prospect’s well-being and inquire about their family, health, and social life as appropriate.

     

    1. Value of Trust: Trust is paramount in business relationships. Uphold your promises, deliver on commitments, and maintain integrity to build trust over time.

     

    1. Demonstrating Expertise: Position yourself and your company as experts in your field. Providing insightful information and solutions showcases your competence and builds confidence in your offerings.

     

    1. Local References and Testimonials: Highlight local success stories and testimonials to demonstrate the effectiveness of your offerings in the Bangladeshi context.

     

    1. Follow-Up and Relationship Maintenance: After making a sale, continue to nurture the relationship. Regular follow-up and post-sale support contribute to customer satisfaction and potential referrals.

     

    By incorporating these culturally sensitive and effective sales techniques, you can navigate the Bangladeshi market with confidence, foster positive relationships, and achieve success in your sales endeavors.

     

    Customer relationship management and retention strategies: In a competitive business landscape, customer relationship management (CRM) and retention strategies are vital for maintaining a loyal customer base, maximizing customer lifetime value, and fostering sustainable growth. By prioritizing exceptional customer experiences and building strong relationships, you can create brand advocates who not only stay loyal but also refer others to your business. Here’s how to effectively manage customer relationships and implement retention strategies:

    1. Implement a CRM System: A robust CRM system helps you organize and manage customer data, interactions, and history. It enables personalized communication and enhances your understanding of each customer’s preferences and needs.

     

    1. Segmentation: Segment your customer base based on demographics, buying behaviors, and preferences. This enables targeted and tailored communication and offers.

     

    1. Personalization: Personalize your interactions and communication with customers. Use their names, reference past interactions, and recommend products or services based on their history and preferences.

     

    1. Consistent Communication: Maintain regular and consistent communication with your customers. Keep them updated on new offerings, promotions, and relevant content.

     

    1. Quality Customer Support: Provide responsive and helpful customer support across multiple channels. Promptly address inquiries, concerns, and issues to show your commitment to customer satisfaction.

     

    1. Collect Feedback: Seek customer feedback on their experiences with your products and services. Use surveys, reviews, and feedback forms to gather insights for improvement.

     

    1. Loyalty Programs: Implement a loyalty program that rewards repeat purchases, referrals, and engagement. Offer exclusive discounts, early access to new products, or points that can be redeemed.

     

    1. Surprise and Delight: Occasionally surprise customers with unexpected rewards, personalized offers, or thank-you gifts. These gestures create positive emotions and strengthen loyalty.

     

    1. Exclusive Content and Offers: Provide exclusive content, resources, or offers to your existing customers. Make them feel valued and appreciated for their ongoing support.

     

    1. Customer Education: Educate your customers about how to make the most of your products or services. This can increase their satisfaction and engagement.

     

    1. Social Media Engagement: Interact with customers on social media platforms. Respond to their comments, questions, and mentions to show that you value their engagement.

     

    1. Relationship Building Events: Organize events, workshops, or webinars that provide value to your customers. These events offer opportunities to connect and build relationships.

     

    1. Regular Check-Ins: Proactively check in with your customers to ensure they’re satisfied and address any potential issues. This demonstrates your commitment to their well-being.

     

    1. Customer Advocacy: Encourage satisfied customers to become advocates for your brand. Request testimonials, reviews, and referrals that can help attract new customers.

     

    1. Continuous Improvement: Regularly analyze your customer retention metrics and gather insights from customer feedback. Use this information to refine your strategies and enhance the customer experience.

     

    By prioritizing customer relationship management and implementing effective retention strategies, you can create a strong bond with your customers, reduce churn, and unlock the long-term value of customer loyalty. Happy and satisfied customers become not only repeat buyers but also valuable brand advocates who contribute to the growth and success of your startup.

     

    Leveraging networking and partnerships to expand reach: Networking and partnerships play a pivotal role in expanding the reach and influence of your startup. By collaborating with like-minded individuals, businesses, and organizations, you can tap into new markets, access valuable resources, and create mutually beneficial relationships. Here’s how to effectively leverage networking and partnerships to expand your startup’s reach:

    1. Identify Your Goals: Define your objectives for networking and partnerships. Whether it’s reaching a new customer segment, enhancing your product offerings, or gaining industry insights, clear goals guide your efforts.

     

    1. Attend Industry Events: Participate in conferences, trade shows, seminars, and workshops relevant to your industry. These events provide opportunities to connect with potential partners, customers, and industry experts.

     

    1. Online Networking: Utilize social media platforms, online forums, and professional networks to connect with individuals and businesses in your field. Engage in discussions, share insights, and establish your expertise.

     

    1. Local Community Engagement: Engage with your local community through networking events, business chambers, and community initiatives. Building strong local connections can open doors to valuable partnerships.

     

    1. Strategic Alliances: Identify complementary businesses or startups that align with your mission. Collaborate on joint initiatives, co-marketing campaigns, or cross-promotions to tap into each other’s audiences.

     

    1. Thought Leadership: Position yourself and your startup as thought leaders in your industry. Write articles, contribute to industry publications, or host webinars to showcase your expertise.

     

    1. Industry Associations: Join industry associations and groups that bring together professionals in your field. These networks offer opportunities for networking, learning, and collaboration.

     

    1. Alumni Networks: Leverage your educational or professional alma mater’s alumni network to connect with fellow graduates who might be potential partners or supporters.

     

    1. Mutually Beneficial Partnerships: Seek partnerships where both parties gain value. For example, a software startup could partner with a design agency to offer comprehensive solutions to clients.

     

    1. Influencer Collaboration: Collaborate with influencers or experts in your industry who have a significant following. Their endorsement can introduce your startup to a larger audience.

     

    1. Joint Marketing Efforts: Plan joint marketing campaigns or content collaborations with partners. Pooling resources and creativity can amplify your message and widen your reach.

     

    1. Cross-Promotion: Promote each other’s products, services, or events to your respective audiences. This cross-promotion introduces your startup to a new set of potential customers.

     

    1. Co-Branding: Consider co-branding initiatives where your startup and a partner create a combined product or service offering. This can expand your market presence.

     

    1. Supplier and Vendor Partnerships: Forge strong relationships with suppliers, vendors, and service providers. They may offer insights, referrals, or mutually beneficial opportunities.

     

    1. Nurture Relationships: Building partnerships is about cultivating genuine relationships. Keep communication open, offer support, and be responsive to your partners’ needs.

     

    Leveraging networking and partnerships requires a strategic approach and a commitment to building authentic connections. By identifying mutually beneficial opportunities, nurturing relationships, and staying open to collaboration, you can tap into new markets, resources, and expertise that contribute to your startup’s growth and success.

     

    SALES
    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]

    CHAPTER – 9: SCALING AND GROWTH

     

    Strategies for scaling a startup in the context of Bangladesh: Scaling a startup in Bangladesh presents both opportunities and challenges unique to the local business landscape. As the country experiences rapid economic growth and technological advancements, startups have the potential to thrive by adopting tailored strategies. Here’s how to effectively scale your startup in the context of Bangladesh:

    1. Localized Market Understanding: Understand the local market intricacies, cultural nuances, and consumer behaviors. Conduct thorough market research to identify unmet needs and trends specific to Bangladesh.

     

    1. Adaptation and Customization: Tailor your products or services to meet the preferences and needs of Bangladeshi consumers. Localization may involve language, features, pricing, and payment methods.

     

    1. Mobile-Centric Approach: Recognize the high mobile penetration rate in Bangladesh and prioritize mobile-friendly solutions. Ensure your website, apps, and communication are optimized for mobile devices.

     

    1. Frugality and Sustainability: Adopt a frugal mindset while scaling. Efficient resource utilization and sustainable practices resonate with the local ethos and contribute to long-term growth.

     

    1. Strategic Partnerships: Forge partnerships with local businesses, suppliers, and distributors to tap into existing networks and gain market insights. Collaborations can accelerate growth.

     

    1. Digital Transformation: Leverage technology to streamline operations, enhance customer experiences, and expand your reach. E-commerce, digital marketing, and automation can drive efficiency.

     

    1. Localization of Marketing: Craft marketing campaigns that resonate with the Bangladeshi culture and values. Incorporate local stories, references, and relatable content.

     

    1. E-commerce Expansion: Take advantage of the growing e-commerce ecosystem in Bangladesh. Establish a strong online presence and leverage platforms that facilitate online sales.

     

    1. Supply Chain Optimization: Efficient supply chain management is critical. Ensure timely deliveries and consistent quality to gain customer trust and loyalty.

     

    1. Talent Acquisition and Development: Attract and retain local talent by offering growth opportunities and aligning with their aspirations. Building a skilled team is essential for scaling.

     

    1. Government Initiatives: Stay informed about government incentives, grants, and programs that support startups. These initiatives can provide financial and regulatory assistance.

     

    1. Solving Local Challenges: Identify and address specific challenges faced by Bangladeshi consumers. Solutions that alleviate local pain points can gain rapid acceptance.

     

    1. Scalable Business Model: Design a business model that can scale efficiently. Ensure your infrastructure and processes can handle increased demand.

     

    1. Customer-Centric Approach: Prioritize exceptional customer experiences. Word-of-mouth referrals and positive reviews play a significant role in scaling.

     

    1. Continuous Learning and Adaptation: Stay agile and adaptable as you scale. Monitor market trends, consumer feedback, and industry shifts to adjust your strategies accordingly.

     

    Scaling a startup in Bangladesh requires a balance between innovation and respect for local values. By embracing the unique opportunities presented by the Bangladeshi market and implementing strategies tailored to its characteristics, you can position your startup for sustainable growth and success in this dynamic and promising environment.

     

    Managing operational challenges during growth: As your startup experiences growth, managing operational challenges becomes crucial to sustaining and scaling your business effectively. The transition from a small operation to a larger enterprise brings its own set of complexities that require careful planning and execution. Here’s how to navigate and address operational challenges during periods of growth:

    1. Scalable Processes:

    Ensure your operational processes can handle increased demand. Streamline workflows, automate repetitive tasks, and implement scalable systems to accommodate growth without sacrificing efficiency.

     

    1. Resource Allocation:

    Allocate resources strategically to areas that drive growth. This includes hiring skilled personnel, investing in technology, and optimizing your supply chain.

     

    1. Talent Management:

    Recruit, onboard, and retain qualified employees who can contribute to your business’s expansion. Provide training and growth opportunities to nurture your team’s skills.

     

    1. Cash Flow Management:

    Manage cash flow diligently to support your growth trajectory. Plan for increased expenses, revenue fluctuations, and potential delays in payments.

     

    1. Inventory Management:

    Efficiently manage inventory levels to meet increased demand without overstocking or facing shortages. Adopt inventory management tools and techniques.

     

    1. Customer Experience:

    Maintain a high level of customer service even as your customer base grows. Prioritize prompt responses, issue resolution, and personalized interactions.

     

    1. Quality Control:

    As you scale, maintain the quality of your products or services. Implement rigorous quality control measures to uphold your reputation and customer satisfaction.

     

    1. Communication and Transparency:

    Keep all stakeholders, including employees, investors, and partners, informed about your growth plans, challenges, and progress. Open communication fosters alignment.

     

    1. Compliance and Regulations:

    Stay updated on regulatory changes that might impact your industry. Ensure your operations remain compliant as you expand.

     

    1. Technology Infrastructure:

    Invest in scalable and reliable technology solutions to support your increased operational needs. This includes upgrading your IT infrastructure and cybersecurity measures.

     

    1. Supply Chain Optimization:

    Work closely with suppliers and partners to ensure a seamless supply chain. Develop contingency plans to address any disruptions.

     

    1. Delegation and Empowerment:

    Delegate responsibilities and empower your team to make decisions. Avoid micromanaging and foster a culture of accountability.

     

    1. Risk Management:

    Identify potential risks associated with growth and develop mitigation strategies. Be prepared for challenges such as increased competition, market shifts, and economic downturns.

     

    1. Strategic Partnerships:

    Leverage partnerships to overcome operational challenges. Collaborating with established players can provide access to resources, expertise, and networks.

     

    1. Regular Assessment and Adaptation:

    Continuously assess your operations and strategies. Be ready to adapt and pivot based on changing circumstances and feedback.

     

    1. Monitor Key Metrics:

    Keep a close eye on key performance indicators (KPIs) such as customer acquisition cost, churn rate, profitability, and operational efficiency. Use data to drive decisions.

     

    Successfully managing operational challenges during growth requires a proactive and strategic approach. By anticipating potential hurdles, aligning resources, and fostering a culture of agility and innovation, you can position your startup for sustainable success as it scales to new heights.

     

     

    Exploring new markets and diversifying product/service offerings: Expanding into new markets and diversifying your product or service offerings are powerful strategies to drive growth, mitigate risks, and tap into untapped opportunities. These initiatives can help your startup reach a wider audience, increase revenue streams, and establish a more resilient business model. Here’s how to effectively explore new markets and diversify your offerings:

    1. Market Research:

    Conduct thorough research to identify potential new markets that align with your startup’s strengths and values. Consider factors such as market size, demographics, purchasing power, and cultural preferences.

     

    1. Market Segmentation:

    Segment your target markets based on specific characteristics, needs, and preferences. Tailor your marketing strategies and product offerings to each segment.

     

    1. Localization:

    Adapt your products or services to suit the local preferences and cultural nuances of new markets. Localization enhances customer engagement and minimizes barriers to entry.

     

    1. Competitor Analysis:

    Evaluate existing competitors in the new market to understand their strengths and weaknesses. Identify gaps in the market that your startup can capitalize on.

     

    1. Market Entry Strategy:

    Choose an appropriate market entry strategy, such as direct sales, partnerships, licensing, or acquisitions. Select the strategy that aligns with your resources and business objectives.

     

    1. Testing and Validation:

    Before fully committing to a new market, consider pilot testing or soft launches to gauge customer response and fine-tune your approach.

     

    1. Distribution Channels:

    Explore the most effective distribution channels for reaching your new market. This could involve partnerships with local distributors, e-commerce platforms, or brick-and-mortar stores.

     

    1. Diversification of Offerings:

    Identify areas of opportunity to expand your product or service portfolio. Consider related offerings that complement your existing offerings and cater to your target audience’s needs.

     

    1. Customer Feedback:

    Engage with your current customer base to gather insights on their evolving needs and preferences. Use their feedback to guide your diversification efforts.

     

    1. Innovation and Research:

    Invest in research and development to innovate and create new offerings that address emerging trends and market demands.

     

    1. Pricing Strategy:

    Develop a pricing strategy that reflects the value of your new offerings while remaining competitive in the market.

     

    1. Cross-Selling and Upselling:

    Leverage your existing customer base to introduce new products or services. Cross-selling and upselling can increase the average transaction value.

     

    1. Brand Consistency:

    Maintain brand consistency across all new offerings. A cohesive brand image enhances customer trust and recognition.

     

    1. Strategic Partnerships:

    Partner with other businesses or startups to jointly introduce new products or services. This can broaden your reach and resources.

     

    1. Continuous Monitoring and Adaptation:

    Regularly assess the performance of your new market entries and diversified offerings. Be prepared to make adjustments based on customer feedback and market trends.

     

    Exploring new markets and diversifying your offerings require a strategic approach, commitment to innovation, and a deep understanding of your customers’ needs. By staying agile and responsive to changing market dynamics, you can position your startup for sustained growth and success in an ever-evolving business landscape.

     

    Case studies of successful Bangladeshi startups and their growth trajectories:

    Case Study: Grameenphone – Revolutionizing Telecom in Bangladesh

     

    Background:

    Grameenphone, founded in 1997, is a pioneering telecommunication company in Bangladesh. It was established as a joint venture between Telenor Group, a Norwegian telecommunications company, and Grameen Telecom, a social enterprise founded by Nobel laureate Muhammad Yunus.

     

    Early Challenges:

    At its inception, the telecom landscape in Bangladesh faced several challenges, including limited access to mobile services, outdated infrastructure, and a lack of connectivity in rural areas.

     

    Innovative Approach:

    Grameenphone adopted a groundbreaking approach by targeting rural and underserved areas with affordable mobile services. They leveraged the Grameen Bank’s established microfinance network to offer mobile services to villagers. This approach aligned with their mission of empowering the underserved through connectivity.

     

    Key Milestones:

    Village Phone Program: Grameenphone introduced the Village Phone Program, allowing rural women to become entrepreneurs by providing mobile services to their communities. This initiative not only expanded access but also empowered women and created livelihood opportunities.

     

    Market Expansion: Grameenphone rapidly expanded its coverage across Bangladesh, even in challenging terrain. This expansion helped bridge the urban-rural digital divide and brought communication services to previously unreachable areas.

     

    Mobile Financial Services: Recognizing the potential to address financial inclusion, Grameenphone introduced the “Telenor Microfinance Bank” (formerly known as “Telenor Bank”) to provide mobile financial services, enabling customers to transfer money, make payments, and access financial tools via their mobile phones.

     

    Data Services and Innovations: As data consumption increased, Grameenphone introduced internet services and various digital offerings. The company embraced technological advancements, launching innovative services to meet changing consumer needs.

     

    Sustainability Initiatives: Grameenphone demonstrated commitment to social responsibility through various sustainability initiatives, including disaster relief efforts, healthcare projects, and environmental conservation programs.

     

    Growth Trajectory:

    Grameenphone’s commitment to innovation, social impact, and customer-centricity drove its growth trajectory:

     

     

    Subscriber Base Growth: Grameenphone’s subscriber base expanded significantly, reaching millions of customers, including urban and rural populations.

     

    Market Leadership: Grameenphone emerged as the market leader in Bangladesh’s telecom sector, setting industry standards for service quality and innovation.

     

    Financial Performance: The company’s revenue and profitability showcased its successful business model and strategic execution.

     

    Impact and Recognition:

    Grameenphone’s transformative impact extended beyond its business success:

    Improved Livelihoods: The Village Phone Program empowered women entrepreneurs and improved communication access for rural communities.

     

    Financial Inclusion: The introduction of mobile financial services enhanced financial inclusion and access to banking services.

     

    International Recognition: Grameenphone’s innovative approach garnered international recognition and awards for its social and business contributions.

     

    Conclusion: Grameenphone’s journey from an innovative startup to a market leader exemplifies how a visionary approach, technological innovation, and commitment to social impact can drive growth. By addressing real societal needs and embracing innovative strategies, Grameenphone not only revolutionized the telecom industry in Bangladesh but also empowered communities, improved livelihoods, and contributed to the country’s development.

     

    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]
    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]
    Closing Remarks:

    Becoming an entrepreneur in Bangladesh offers a world of opportunities and challenges in a dynamic and rapidly evolving landscape. This journey requires a blend of passion, determination, adaptability, and strategic thinking. As you embark on this path, remember that success is a culmination of various factors, including understanding the local market, embracing innovation, and nurturing a growth mindset.

     

    Bangladesh’s entrepreneurial ecosystem is brimming with potential. The nation’s vibrant culture, youthful demographics, and growing middle class create a fertile ground for innovative ideas to flourish. However, it’s crucial to recognize that entrepreneurship is not without its hurdles. Regulatory complexities, access to funding, and infrastructure limitations may pose challenges. Yet, these obstacles are also opportunities for creative problem-solving and forging new paths.

     

    To thrive as an entrepreneur in Bangladesh, equip yourself with knowledge. Gain insights into market trends, consumer behaviors, and emerging technologies. Cultivate a deep understanding of your target audience’s needs, preferences, and pain points. Embrace the power of networking and partnerships, as collaborative efforts can amplify your reach and resources.

     

    As you chart your course, remain open to learning and growth. Be prepared to pivot, adapt, and refine your strategies based on market feedback and evolving circumstances. Stay resilient in the face of setbacks, drawing inspiration from the stories of successful entrepreneurs who have navigated similar challenges.

     

    Above all, remember that entrepreneurship is a journey of impact. Your startup has the potential to create employment, contribute to economic growth, and address pressing societal issues. As you embark on this remarkable adventure, stay true to your vision, foster a culture of innovation, and remain dedicated to making a positive difference.

     

    In Bangladesh, the entrepreneurial spirit is a force that propels individuals to overcome odds, innovate tirelessly, and shape the future. By embracing the entrepreneurial mindset, tapping into local insights, and harnessing your unique talents, you have the opportunity to play a pivotal role in shaping the business landscape of Bangladesh and leaving a lasting legacy of success and innovation.

     

    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]: How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]: How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]

    *Author’s Short Profile:

    Digital Marketers in Dhaka
    Md. Joynal Abdin

    Mr. Md. Joynal Abdin is a Business Consultant & Digital Marketer based in Dhaka, Bangladesh. He is also Co-Founder & CEO of Bangladesh Trade Center. Previously he served at Dhaka Chamber of Commerce & Industry (DCCI) as Executive Secretary; DCCI Business Institute (DBI) as Executive Director; SME Foundation as Deputy Manager; and the Federation of Bangladesh Chambers of Commerce & Industry (FBCCI) as Assistant Secretary.

     

    The list of services Mr. Abdin is offering includes but not limited to Business Research and Documentations like Feasibility Study, Project Proposal Preparation, Writing Business Manual, Standard Operating Procedures etc.; Export Market Selection and Product Positioning at Home and Abroad; Buyers-Sellers Matchmaking; Website Development; Search Engine Optimization (SEO); and Social Media Marketing etc.

     

    How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]: How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]: How to become an entrepreneur in Bangladesh? [Part-2]

    Developing Bangladesh          Md. Joynal Abdin            Read More…

     

    To read 1st part of this article, click here!

     

     

  • The Role of Private Sector in Bangladesh

    The Role of Private Sector in Bangladesh

    The Role of Private Sector in Bangladesh

    * Compiled from the Speech of One of the 

    Honorable Former President of FBCCI

     

    In Bangladesh, as a developing country, there is now a growing realization that a vibrant and dynamic private sector is the key to economic progress and sustained growth. The East Asian miracle exemplifies as to how the government can accelerate progress as a partner and as a facilitator. Developing countries, including Bangladesh, have come to increasingly rely on market forces to guide their development strategy. Efforts are being focused on the promotion and supporting of the private sector and creation of an enabling environment for it to flourish and maximize its contribution to economic progress within a business friendly and equitable framework. Bangladesh has been increasingly relying on this philosophy as a strategy for growth. As a consequence of this, the share of the private sector in total investment has risen. Public sector reforms will continue to be undertaken as a complement to the private sector so that it can function more effectively and up to its potential.

     

    Private Sector in Five Year Plans

    The growing emphasis on the private sector is reflected in the fact that the share of the private sector investment increased from 11 per cent in the First Five-year Plan to 44 per cent in the Fourth five years Plan. The performance of the private sector was better than what was planned for in the Fourth Plan. In fact, the share of the private sector in the total realized investment was 54 per cent of the total investment in FY95.

     

    In view of the intensification of private sector-oriented reforms, it was anticipated that the private investment would increase substantially during the Fifth Plan period. An amount of Tk.1100.58 billion (56 per cent of the Plan outlay) was projected as private investment in the Fifth Plan.

     

    During the Fifth Plan, it was said that the private sector is the main engine of growth. The public sector will act both as a promoter and as a partner rather than just as a regulator and will facilitate the growth of the private sector by providing improved physical and socio-economic infrastructure through regulatory and effective policy support measures.

     

    The Fifth Plan provided a broad canvas and a framework in which the private sector can play an effective role in the development process for which an indicative guideline is given. The government will take steps to ensure the creation of an enabling environment through legal and administrative measures and infrastructure support so that the private sector can function and contribute according to its potential. The impressive growth registered by many high performing economies including that of East Asian ones has brought into focus some essential ingredients for development, namely the need to have a liberal market-oriented export led strategy along with the involvement of the government to provide necessary catalytic and effective support. The government may, where it is considered necessary, also participate in investment projects along with the private sector. Such ventures will normally be limited to areas where private sector is not forthcoming or where the government’s presence is desirable as a support to the private sector.

     

    Bangladesh desperately needs rapid and sustainable economic growth to make a significant breakthrough in poverty alleviation. In the current development strategy, the private sector has to play a pivotal role in achieving the desired growth. We need to lift the economy from the current state of 5% plus growth rate to one of 7% in the short term and 9-10% within 2008. To attain such a growth rate the investment has to go up from the current level of 23.15% to 28% of GDP. There has also to be major structural change in the economy giving a leading role to industrial development, because for a country like Bangladesh with a low per capita income, heavy population pressure and limited agrarian base, development of manufacturing holds the major long-term hope of guaranteeing high level self-sustaining growth. The Fifth Five Year Plan rightly aimed at increasing share of industries in GDP from 9.28% in 1996-97 to 12.70% in 2001/02 raising the growth rate of the sector to about 14% from the benchmark level of 3.5%. That called for huge investment in the private sector. The Fifth Plan envisaged an investment of Tk. 298.78 billion during the plan period for the manufacturing sector accounting for 27.15% of total allocation for the private sector. It means that average annual private investment in manufacturing was to increase to Tk. 59.78 billion against benchmark level Tk. 33.40 billion. In an aid depleting global environment the big chunk of the investment has to come in the form of private capital inflows, that is, direct foreign investment (DFI).

     

    The achievement of these objectives will depend on the following investment related factors:

    –      Congenial Policy Framework

    –      Growth of a dynamic and vibrant private sector

    –      Arrangement of adequate finance

    –      Enabling environment and efficient infra-structure

    –      Development of human capital

    –      Stable political environment

    –       Investment opportunities.

     

    Changed Policy Framework in Bangladesh Economy

    During the last 30 years the economy of Bangladesh has witnessed fundamental changes in economic, industrial and trade policies. At the time of liberation, Bangladesh inherited a mixed economic system. But as a natural consequence of wide-spread destruction and abandonment of industries due to Liberation War as well as on account of change of government policy, the public sector acquired a commanding position. The government nationalized various industries, business enterprises and financial institutions exceeding Tk. 15 million in fixed assets. A total of 725 industrial units were nationalized and placed under the management of 10 public sector corporations. But faced with pressures on financial and management resources, the government soon initiated the process of gradual expansion of the private sector. Private investment ceiling was raised from Tk. 2.5 million in 1973 to Tk. 30 million in 1974. It was further raised to Tk. 100 million in 1975 and totally withdrawn in 1978. By now, the policy has completely been reversed assigning private sector the dominant role, although a heavy burden of losses on account of the state owned enterprises (SOEs) is causing serious haemorrhage on the nation’s economic vitality. The government has also been implementing structural adjustments and liberalization policies enhancing the role of the private sector and opening the economy to free competition.

    The Mirror of Bangladesh Economy
    The Mirror of Bangladesh Economy

    Potentials and Performance of Private Sector

    Though relatively new and inexperienced, the private sector has already demonstrated its capability and buoyancy in the economy. A new generation of private sector entrepreneurs has emerged in Bangladesh who are well educated, hardworking, capable and eager to face the challenges of the globalized competitive market. They have proven their mettle in all sectors where they had opportunities to work with freedom and where the Government played the role more off a facilitator than a controller. The booming industries in ready-made garments, knitwear, shrimps, leather, ceramics etc. are clear indicators of the latent capabilities of the private sector and they also act as pointers to what the Government should do in capturing these potentials. It may be in order to show a few illustrations of promising performance of the private sector.

     

    Firstly, private sector’s share in investment shows a rising trend increasing from 10.27 percent in 1990-91 to 15.61 percent of GDP in 1999-2000 and 16.78 percent in 2001-02 while that of public sector stagnates between 6-7 percent.

     

    Secondly, private enterprises are more efficient than state owned enterprises in respect of utilization of assets for generation of employment and value addition. Owning 37.62% of fixed assets private enterprises accounts for 74.57% employment and 66.2% value addition while owning 62.38% of fixed assets the state owned enterprises (SOEs) account for only 25.43% of employment and 33.79% of value addition as in 1989-90.

     

    Thirdly, the private sector performance is more spectacular in foreign exchange earnings from export. Out of the total foreign exchange earnings of US 5.59 billion in 2001-02, private enterprises represented more than 90% of the total export earning which has risen from 74.27% in 1990-91.

     

    Private Sector in the Poverty Reduction Strategy

    Under the Poverty Reduction Strategy of the Government, the private sector is the engine of economic growth. The Government will create an investment-friendly environment and act as a facilitator through pursuing policies to create a stable macro economy, improve law and order, promote good governance, maintain competitiveness, remove infrastructure bottlenecks, ensure cost effective fiscal and financial services, and provide market information and support services. With increasing role of the private sector, competition and transparent rules would be framed for protecting consumer’s rights and trust in the market, minimizing the cost of information and enhancing sustainable growth of the private sector. Women’s participation in private sector activities will be effectively supported both as participants in the labour market and as entrepreneurs.

     

    Under the 1999 Industrial Policy, restrictions on private sector participation in all sectors except defense, nuclear energy, printing of currency notes, and forest plantation and mechanized extraction in reserved forests, have been removed. The Government is aware of the constraints hindering the growth of the private sector and would implement effective measures to remove the hurdles through effective and coordinated policies and actions. The key areas would be: infrastructure development (e.g. power, telecommunications, roads and ports), strengthened financial and capital markets, quality of the labour force, reduced costs of doing business by reforming institutional and regulatory framework, improved law and order condition, and better environment for foreign investment. Specific measures would be worked out in consultation with the private sector. For proper functioning of the private sector, physical improvements and management reforms in the basic infrastructure including power, water supply, port and telecommunications will be given priority along with private sector participation. The government would take effective measures to encourage the private sector to become gender sensitive, facilitate women’s participation in private sector activities and create institutions like childcare centres to facilitate women’s enhanced participation.

     

    Private Sector in the Delivery of Social Services 

    There are several reasons why increased role of the private sector is perceived in the provisioning of social services. Neo-liberal perception that state organizations are predatory and inefficient, with rent seeking as the primary motive for the behaviour of the public officials, is dominant in current thinking. One offshoot of such a perception recommends privatization. While vigorous pursuit for privatization in the industrial sector is more frequently observed, outright transfer of responsibility in delivering social services to the private sector is not made due to presence of “public goods” agreement. However, inclusion of private and other non-government sectors are perceived to induce competition and make the state more accountable. With the latter perception, the World Bank document on Country Assistance Strategy for Bangladesh notes that, NGO partnership and stakeholder participation make up for weak, centralized public institutions and increase public accountability. As a part of long-term strategy, the WB therefore intends to support civil society and the private sector to help build constituencies that call for accountable and well-performing public institutions.

     

    Participation of private sector in the delivery of social services, either on humanitarian grounds or for commercial motive, is a historical phenomenon and no single agency may be credited to have initiated it. However, awareness about it paved the way for a wide range of experiments; and these experiments have unfolded new sets of relations among various agents involved in the process. Thus, there is a need to have fresh looks into the classification of social services, roles to be played by the state, for-profit and non-profit private sectors, and by the civic society. Such ventures will help in designing a new set of rules of business to be put in place with a view to ensure greater social welfare.

     

    Response of Private Sector in Globalization

    Globalization is almost entirely market driven. The process has gained momentum and is based upon liberalization of trade, capital and currency markets. Private sector responded in full measure to opportunity thus opened up. The role and function of the private sector in globalization is obvious. Integration of national economies into a global market has been the work of multination stock market operators, currency traders and speculators motivated by profit. Business and industry has been the vital force behind innovations in production, distribution and marketing.

     

    Reform measures undertaken by organizations like GATT, WTO, IMF, World Bank and individual governments provided the enabling environment in which individual companies and firms looked for better market for goods as well as for investment of capital. Among 200 biggest economic entities 160 are not states reflecting the command of private sector in to-day’s global economic activities.

     

    In view of the above, private sector needs some assistance and facilities for playing its role in the development of the country. Those issues are;

    A) Arrangement of Adequate Finance for Private Sector

    The private sector of Bangladesh has a notable contribution to the industrial sector. But the industrial sector is currently starved of term lending. Institutional arrangement for meeting the credit requirements for industrial investment is grossly inadequate. The commercial banks are basically ill suited to meet the requirements of term lending for industrial projects. By the very nature of their functions the commercial banks are used to borrow short-term and as such lending for long-term would create serious mismatch between the assets and liabilities of the banks. So, commercial banks can’t be relied upon for heavy involvement in industrial project financing. Unfortunately the traditional development financing institutions (DFI) namely, the Bangladesh Shilpa Bank (BSB) and Bangladesh Shilpa Rin Sangtha (BSRS) are now virtually defunct. The government should devise new institutions and instruments for financing industrial projects. The experience with the investment companies is not also encouraging, as most of them are currently operating like retail bankers. The stock market can be an important source of mobilizing equity, but the present state of the stock market does not hold any promising outlook for mobilizing equity for new ventures. So, debt financing of new projects will remain an indispensable requirement. The government will have to mobilize on a priority basis funds for financing industries and develop an efficient mechanism for their disbursement.

     

    B) Enabling Environment and Efficient Infra-Structure

    Liberalization and market economy have exposed the domestic industries to global competition. But the private sector enterprises, although they have enough potentials, are grossly hamstrung by the absence of a requisite enabling environment to survive and thrive. Undoubtedly liberalization has brought in both opportunities and challenges. True, the enterprises can have easier access to inputs and can have share in the vast and growing global market under a liberalized trade regime. But the challenges are much more serious. Local enterprises are to face global competition from those who are more experienced and enjoy better infrastructure and other supportive environment. They have to be efficient in cost, quality and marketing. They need a level-playing-field which is improving but remains grossly inadequate in Bangladesh. The problems and inadequacies in infrastructure facilities in electricity, port, telecommunication, roads and highways need to be attended and improved on a priority basis.

     

    C) Business-friendly Administration

    The change of development strategy towards private sector-led growth and market economy does in no way mean marginalization of the role of the government. The experience of East and South Asian miracle economies shows that the government institutions played a significant role in enabling the private sector to spearhead the growth process. The growth and performance of a vibrant and dynamic private sector need a lot of support and facilities from the government institutions. There must be an efficient and business friendly administration. The facilities and services that an investor need are; among others, acquire land, have connection of electricity, gas, telephone, water and sewerage, clearance from local authorities and environment authority, port facilities, customs clearance, etc. These should be available promptly and without hassle. But what is the real situation? Are these easily available?  The need for these are well recognized in government policy. There is no dearth of interest and intentions in the top leadership in government. It is an accepted and declared policy that government shall act as a facilitator. But there are problems at mid and operating level of the administration that in fact provides the service. The perception and mindset of them need change. Administrative reform is a must. Administrative efficiency is crucial in facilitating investments in the prospective sectors like power, gas, telecommunication and port development which have been opened for private investment and have already attracted a large number of foreign companies. But delays, indecision and lack of transparency in the bureaucracy in processing and finalizing deals are working as deterrents. We should show more professionalism in negotiation capability. Time and opportunity will not wait for us forever.

    The Role of Private Sector in Bangladesh
    Bangladesh’s Journey to Economic Development

    D) Development of Human Capital

    The much talked about comparative advantage of low wages and cheap labour no longer holds well. The gap between developed and developing countries is now not so much of a resource gap, as it is a knowledge gap. It should be a matter of concern to all of us that this gap is widening rapidly. Our companies can’t survive simply by increasing output with the use of capital and so-called cheap labour. Productivity must be increased. To raise labour productivity investments have to be made in human capital. The source of competitiveness should continue to shift from labour intensive to more skill-and-capital intensive investment. But enhancing technological capabilities must propel that shift. We lack adequate trained accountants, technicians, engineers and managers. So the investment in human capital development should draw adequate attention of the government. It is heartening to note that the government has assigned highest priority to the education sector in terms of budgetary allocation. But the quality of education is deteriorating. Discipline and proper environment in the educational institutions must be ensured. Allowing student politics in educational institutions is a major cause disturbing the educational environment.

     

    E) Stable Political Environment

    Social and political stability is an indispensable pre-condition to development. Although there is a broad political consensus among the political parties of Bangladesh as regards economic policy of market economy and private sector-led growth, confrontational political programmes and activities like hartals, work stoppages and blockades are vitiating the peaceful environment for pursuing productive and new investment initiatives. These are discouraging domestic investment as well as keeping foreign investment at bay. There is urgent need for having a consensus among the political parties to abandon the programs of confrontations that impede development.

     

    Economics and Politics

    You are aware that we are going to face formidable challenges in every field of our trade and industry after 2004 under the WTO regime.

    We also know that ‘the strongest link between economics and the real world has always been politics’. In any organised society there is a structure that simultaneously encompasses both markets and governments. Societies both poor and rich necessarily have their own economics and politics. The economics move the politics and the politics govern the economics; No ideology of markets can leave out governments or politics. If an economy is exogenous, it cannot but be unstable and unbalanced.

    The economists in the past have long been evading the matter of dependence of economics on politics, and preparing models on the assumption of steady socio-economic conditions. Realizing the folly of that assumption, the economists now a days are taking into account interrelated aspects of social anthropology, industry, commerce, culture, and politics etc while making new economic models or policies. We have thus come to recognize that socio-economic development is most likely to be on positive dynamics when there is a balance of economic and political pioneering par excellence.

    Currently in Bangladesh, the standard public response, indeed the only option available to the citizens in reaction to amoral practices, abuses of power, extra-constitutional behaviour and poor economic policies of successive governments is to elect one of the two major parties, in alternate tenures. They both are widely perceived as autocratic in their conduct of state affairs, without caring much for a democratic process or the rule of law. The democratic ritual of transfer of power from one party to another, now badly needs to be replenished by a moral philosophy which would seek real “solutions to social problems,” in the least by advocating a greater balance of power among existing social groupings. Only if rights and obligations are redefined to reflect such a balance then private sector can do the job entrusted to them in efficient manner.

    Economic theory teaches us that a classic liberal society leads to a maximum economy: Contemporary economic indicators clearly show that the distribution of both wealth and income is more skewed in less developed and less democratic societies than in more developed ones, and that distribution of income tends to become more egalitarian with economic growth. Less developed countries have certain characteristics in common, like excessive power in the hands of rulers and ruling parties. Holders of excessive political power accumulate economic and financial resources excessively and prevent productivity of the people and the economy from functioning optimally, thereby preventing the maximum possible production of goods and services. They prevent balanced growth of rules and regulations for the market forces to function properly, or prevent the market from functioning by excess of rules and regulations. They prevent the diffusion of power among the social groupings, and allow corruption unabatedly.

    Therefore, it is imperative that in order to achieve full economic potential, to reduce income inequality, reduce the gap between the rich and the poor, and to reduce poverty, the civil society which includes economists as much as businessmen and trade unionists, must work hand in hand to remove obstacles and impediments to our production process and economic growth.

    The success or failure of any country over the next few decades hinges on economic growth, which requires profound change in our society. We must identify the areas in which change would help economic performance. The most important of these are:

    –     Diffusion of power by way of distribution of constituted authority to various social groupings;

    –     Constitutional reforms to dilute the concentration of excessive power in few hands or few focal points through proper checks and balances, so that a small elite does not possess the power to direct all aspects of citizens’ lives;

    –     Decentralisation of power by establishment of autonomous local government with adequate political and financial devolution;

    –     Reform of electoral process for comprehensive representation;

    –     Breaking the nexus between politicians, criminals and the police;

    –     Eradication of Mastaani Chandabazi (extortion) culture from politics.

    –     Observance of vertical to horizontal accountability necessary to liberalise polity; (Rulers must become more accountable to their constituents. Investors, traders and financiers must become more accountable to one another for the proper quantity, quality and prices of their merchandise, for payment obligations, and for their promises).

    –     Complementary formulation of fiscal and monetary policies;

    –     Enforcement of contracts freely negotiated by independent parties with the full force of law by the state;

    –     Introduction of international standards in accounting; (Government monopolies, and private businesses often do not adhere to standards of accounting and auditing necessary for their transparency to creditors and stockholders. Strict rules must be made and enforced by the state).

    –     Redirection of political confrontation and political violence, if not altogether eliminated by a process of conflict resolution;

    –     Elimination of ambivalent laws and practices of arbitrary enforcement; (Many laws are unclear and antiquated. Frequently a law, on the books but defunct and widely ignored, is suddenly enforced against a political opponent or as a rent-seeking tool).

    –     Improvement of law and order situation; (Crime rate must be reduced. The moral case against crime is beyond dispute. Our civil society, however, hardly takes into account the effect of crime on economic performance. Bangladesh in all probability will continue to have a high rate of crimes for another generation, but if the crime level is not reduced to a tolerable limit it will impose a grave burden on the competitiveness and economic performance of the productive organs of the polity and render the country unfit to govern).

    –         Enforcement of a strong Human Rights regime; (A large degree of personal cruelty is found in Bangladesh like torture of suspect felons and repression of political opponents. Constitutional responsibility must be placed on those in power so that human rights are protected, and not violated without being punished. There should be no immunity for violation of human rights).

    • Strict observance of meritocracy; (Ministers and public officials must be appointed on the basis of capability, knowledge and experience, not basis of political favour).
    • Regulatory Framework

    Reduction of government monopolies in the market place: (Though some people argue that some of the state monopoly products or services of “national importance” such as oil, gas, railroads, ports, airlines, fertilizers and banks are better retained in the public sector because they belong to “the people”, in practice they are “operated by the few for the benefit of the few.” Prices are fixed, often capriciously, by those who hold excessive power, and are far from cost-related. It is “the people” who pay out of their noses for what belongs to them. There is need for immediate change in the attitude of the Government in this role).

    Giving up state monopolies does not mean that there will be little role for the Government in economic management over the coming decades. The government will continue to set policy over a large range of issues, and will continue to provide the basic legal and financial infrastructure under which the market will operate. The Government will retain, or may even increase, its responsibility for ensuring social order and underwriting the basic needs of the underprivileged in the society. But the Government must increasingly look for ways to streamline the economy by regulations rather than intervention. But the current regulatory practices of the government also need to be streamlined, such as:

    –     Fickle Regulations – Many regulations are often imposed in a capricious manner. They are enforced in one year and repealed or ignored next year. Changes of taxes, duties, subsidies & incentives year to year make business budget difficult: one must understand that every ill-conceived regulation carries economic costs, so does lack of adequate regulation.

    –     Excessive Restrictions – Excessive pre-requisites of rules and regulations must be eliminated so that people can take initiative at will, as and when they wish. The Government also incurs certain costs of interventions, regulations and restrictions, and needs to balance the gains against these costs. The negative economic effects of over regulation of commercial activities are widely recognized since 1980’s.

    The Role of Private Sector in Bangladesh
    Development Journey

    Momentum of Change

    The momentum of change in any society has to be generated from within the society itself. In addition to suggested changes in the administrative agenda, our society as a whole, at the civil society level as well as at the community level must address many issues, such as:

    –     Removal of socio-cultural inhibitions and restrictions on freedom of speech;

    –     Containment of corruption, which has now infested the society from the highest to the lowest level;

    –     Total respect for the Rule of Law;

    –     Public demand for transparency in the style of governance;

    –     Modernization the civil service, customs, and police services;

    –     Surveillance against abuse of public funding; (For instance, teachers, engineers, doctors in government pay roll are often engaged in full time consultancy, private tuition and private practise, which apart from dereliction of duty results in inequity of professional opportunities).

    –     Patronisation of invention and scientific discovery;

    –     Reduction of high unemployment by increasing investment in infrastructure and industrial sector;

    –     Improvement of educational standard to support industrial economy;

    –     Further reduction of population growth rate;

    –     Improvement of medical services.

    Most people would see these tasks as political, and indeed they are political tasks in the sense that the country looks forward to politicians to guide it. The system of government in Bangladesh, however, has structural deficiencies which make it difficult to respond to change. The civil society must therefore come forward and take the initiative for fulfilment of these tasks. That would indeed be the first step towards addressing the issue of income disparity.

     

    Impediments to Private Sector Growth

    The impediments to entrepreneurship and growth of the private sector are numerable and multifarious. These not only impede initiatives but also make many enterprises fail and go into default. I would enumerate for your information the major ones:

    1. The lack of long-term capital availability through banking channels;
    2. The lack of long-term capital in the capital market / bond market;
    3. Dumping of products, largely by smuggling;
    4. Inefficient support infrastructure:
    5. (a)        in the utilities sector, specifically in power,
    6. (b)        of port services, including land ports,
    7. (c)        high transportation costs,
    8. (d)        a largely inefficient telecommunications system which is also very costly.
    9. Widespread tariff anomalies.
    10. High customs’ duties.
    11. Complicated and cumbersome customs procedures aggravated by extensive arbitrary powers exercised by customs officers.
    12. Low productivity and a highly politicised labour sector;
    13. Inconsistency among different government policy statements;
    14. An inefficient and corrupt judicial system;
    15. Widespread corruption;
    16. Political instability leading to frequent hartals or strikes;
    17. High-interest rates in the banking sector;
    18. A lack of credible statistics;
    19. The lack of transparency and unaccountability in government decision-making;
    20. The lack of an appropriate education system to support an industrial economy;
    21. Too many holidays;
    22. A slow process of deregulation and privatisation;
    23. Lack of industry friendly social and political environment;
    24. Lack of good governance;
    25. Lack regulatory bodies;
    26. An “uneven playing field” between the private sector and the public sector;
    27. Lack of local technology;
    28. Lack of research and development;
    29. Government control on public utilities.

     

    Legal Reforms for Private Sector Growth

    In addition to above major impediments to social, political, cultural and economic progress are antiquated laws and rules based on those laws. All these antiquated laws must be immediately identified and abolished or amended. Many new laws may also need to be enacted that reflect the democratic practices of the 21st century and to establish rule of law. The impact of new technology, synergies of globalisation, the dynamics of a free economy and the demands of liberal democracy have made many old laws ineffective, unnecessary and even detrimental to social and economic growth. Antiquated rules, regulations and laws have become a real block to citizens’ ideas and aspirations of social, political and economic development.

     

    The interdependence of various economic agents and the complexity of their relationships increasingly demand a better legal framework. The main purpose of a better legal framework is to reduce the cost and risk of transactions, as well as to harmonise regulations across different jurisdictions. Hence, business leaders look forward to the judicial reform commission who can expeditiously perform these reforms by suggesting priority action on the following:

    1. The company law should be so amended to allow entrepreneurs and enterprises to operate in a modern environment.
    2. Laws to regulate “hundi” and to prohibit money laundering should be introduced.
    3. The Foreign Exchange Regulations Act should be amended.
    4. The Banking Companies Act should be amended.
    5. The Insurance Companies Act should be amended.
    6. The Financial Instrument Act should be amended.
    7. Environmental laws should be amended.
    8. The Power Act should be amended.
    9. The Petroleum Act should be amended.
    10. The Industrial Policy should be enacted as an enforceable instrument.
    11. The Port Authority Act should be amended.
    12. The Dock Labour Management Board should be restructured by law.
    13. The T&T Board should be restructured by law.
    14. The Arbitration Act should be amended to conform to international standards.
    15. Foreign investment laws should be amended to ensure a minimum 15% to 20% local partnership except in the EPZ. This is very important for Bangladeshi citizens to acquire foreign technology and expertise.
    16. Labour laws should be amended.
    17. Factory laws should be amended.
    18. The Shops and Establishment Act (1961) should be amended.
    19. New transparent laws protecting civil rights should be enacted.
    20. Anti-terrorist laws should be reinstated.
    21. The Special Powers Act should be abolished.
    22. Bankruptcy laws should be amended to allow debt restructuring and shielding of the company’s finances against disturbing pressures of creditors while restructuring takes place. Directors should have legal protection.

    The IMF President said recently in Thailand that;

    (a)        the private sector must feel confident of the legal system and of legal protection so that entrepreneurs can again undertake the risk of business venture,

    (b)        if the market economy is to work, then laws must be effective, and the legal system must work efficiently,

    (c)        nations must allow entrepreneurs to take risks under the protection of the law and all bankruptcy laws must be revised to help entrepreneurs or bankers to take prudent risks to contribute to the healthy growth of the economy.

    1. New foreclosure laws should be enacted to allow financial institutions to take over mortgaged assets without going to court.
    2. The Artha Rin Adalat Act should be amended.
    3. A new bankruptcy court separate from the “Artha Rin Adalat” is to be established.
    4. Admiralty laws should be amended to protect foreign flag vessels in conformity with international law.
    5. Secrecy laws should be amended and a “Rights of Information Act” shall be enacted.
    6. Patent laws should be amended and IPRL should be immediately enacted.
    7. New laws should be enacted making it mandatory to pay interest on delayed payments.
    8. No laws should have retrospective effect unless so approved by a three-fourths vote in the Parliament.
    9. A new law should be enacted to create a land port authority.
    10. The public must have a chance to interact with lawmakers before any new laws are created or old laws amended.
    11. New laws should be enacted so that affected citizens can file cases against ministers, government officers, elected officials, police officers, customs officers, etc. for injustice, delayed decisions, wrong decisions, malafide decisions, etc.
    12. A new law shall be enacted to protect witnesses.
    13. A new “law of libel” shall be enacted so people can safeguard their rights and liberties.
    Bangladesh
    Most Prospective Sectors to Invest in Bangladesh

    Dynamic and vibrant Private Sector: FBCCI and other Trade Bodies

    It is now widely recognized that a dynamic and vibrant private sector is crucial to rapid and sustained economic growth. The government policy has put the private sector to the driving seat of the engine for the growth of the economy.

     

    The contribution of the business leaders, trade bodies and the FBCCI were enormous. The transition and the formation of the private sector were directly linked to the opportunities or facilities that the prevailing policies allowed. This is borne out from the outlook each five-year plan allowed as well as the perception the World Bank and IMF had. The private sector started off without a right to be. Individual efforts were channelized gradually to formation of trade bodies and then the FBCCI.

     

    When some 80 percent of trade and 95 percent of the industry were in the public sector, we in the private sector were either suppliers, contractors, overseas suppliers agents at one end or agents and distributors at the other end. Private sector permission to enter the raw jute export trade was secured by the FBCCI and member bodies in late 1975. The industrial ceiling waiver was an uphill task with first relaxation made in 1974 and final withdrawal in 1978. The FBCCI and the member bodies raised issues of return of Bangladesh jute and textile mills; denationalization and return of mills to owners; divesting of government-held shares to activate the stock market; introduction of two sectors – reserved and free; allowing banks and insurance companies in the private sector; abolition of octroi, restricting export trade to the private sector and a host of other demands which were raised.

     

    The private sector has demonstrated its ability to undertake most sophisticated industries and meet the demand of the nation. The pharmaceutical industry is a case in point. Not only has the production capacity doubled but also the prices for the consumer have come down substantially.

     

    While conducive policy environment has made rapid progress, the procedural problems appear to be a major stumbling bloc. It is foremost on the present agenda of the FBCCI and trade bodies to highlight and seek simplification and transparency of procedures. There is a visible extortion at each stratum, which dissipates initiative and threatens industry and commerce.

     

    The private sector is in its early stage and the entrepreneurs of this generation are at work and contribute from their experience and wisdom to innumerable issues that it confronts. FBCCI is the focus and contact point for business viewpoint and manifestation of the thought process of the private sector.

     

    In the two dominant areas of export-led growth and privatization, FBCCI recognizes and endeavours to play its role. The private sector growth imperative makes a strong demand and imposes great responsibility on the FBCCI. The strength has to be augmented to effectively facilitate the change it had so long targeted. FBCCI interacts closely with member bodies; contributes to policy through various avenues including consultative committees; it renders a wide range of services in connection with international trade opportunities. FBCCI has the avenue of constructive access to the overseas markets through counterpart apex organizations with whom joint chamber agreements exist and the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), Islamic Chamber of Commerce and Industry (ICCI), SAARC Chamber of Commerce and Industry (SCCI) and Confederation of Asia-Pacific Chambers of Commerce and Industry (CACCI). These are useful mediums but inadequately exploited due to resource constraints. The FBCCI hopes with the support of the members and the government it will continue in the path of progress and national well being with pride and dignity.

     

    Now, to perform the desirable responsibilities as an apex representative of the private sector, FBCCI needs to remove the existing impediments against it.

     

    The Role of Private Sector in Bangladesh: The Role of Private Sector in Bangladesh: The Role of Private Sector in Bangladesh: The Role of Private Sector in Bangladesh

    Developing Bangladesh          Md. Joynal Abdin            Read More…